You may also learn how to convert your global code based classes into properly written classes that you can reuse in multiple projects besides other benefits of using Object Oriented Programming in PHP.

Introduction

Until recently I thought that articles like this were not necessary because I assumed that the basic concepts about Object Oriented Programming are well known and understood by most PHP programmers.

However, after repling to a question that appeared in the Quora site on how to go from procedural to object-oriented PHP,  I reflected a bit and realized that a great part of the PHP developers do not have basic knowledge Object Oriented Programming (OOP), or if they know what that it is, they do not see much point in using it, so they do not take advantage of OOP benefits in their projects.

Here are are few evidences of the problem:

a) Once in a while I read people ranting about the use of Object Oriented Programming. Some even claim that using objects makes your PHP applications slower and it should be avoided. So they develop all with global code, global functions and variables.

They are certainly not aware of the problems of using global code, probably because they did not have a good programming background and never had the opportunity to learn why Object Oriented Programming is a good thing.

b) Very popular applications like WordPress are largely written using global functions and variables. Although it seems they have been moving towards a more object oriented approach, a great part of the code is still in the global space.

Having global code in a project is not a sin. You will not go to hell if you write global code, but as I explain below, global code raises several problems that would be better if you would not have to deal with.

c) Some people seem to use Object Oriented Programming but if you ask them why they do it, they are not quite sure. They just seem to be following a practice that they have seen others doing.

Following good practices is a good thing, but you should always have a good idea about what you are doing and why you are doing it, so you can be in full control of your life.

Object Oriented Programming is an abstract concept. It may be simple to demonstrate in practice but the concepts are very abstract. It requires a clear explanation probably with good analogies to teach the basic concepts and clarify why they are important for developers to properly take advantage of OOP.

d) The PHP Classes site is very democratic. It accepts for publication classes from all authors, inclusively classes that practically do the same as many other classes already  in the site. The site is criticized by some more experienced developers for that. That is the price of making the site open to all developers willing to contribute.

Still about 14% of the classes submitted to the PHPClasses site are refused. The classes that are rejected are of two kinds:

1. The author did not submit the package files because they are too many to upload manually. Nowadays this rarely happens because since last year developers are importing large packages automatically from Git, SubVersion or CVS repositories.

2. The author submitted code that implements the described functionality as global code, not OOP classes. This is currently the majority of the cases of rejected packages.

The site is called PHP Classes for being a place to share PHP components in the form of OOP classes. It seems some authors think of classes as of learning classes, not OOP classes.

The site only accepts OOP classes because it is the right way to share components that are meant for reuse. This is explained in more detail below.

For all these reasons this article seemed to be necessary. Nobody knows everything. I hope this helps clarifying the misunderstands.

What are Object Oriented Programming Classes?

Objects are containers. They contain the definition functions and variables that represent a single abstract entity. This feature of Object Oriented Programming is called encapsulation. It means that a single capsule may contain the definition of multiple functions and variables that are meant to work together.

For instance, if you want to manipulate a product being sold in a e-commerce site, you can have an object that represents that product. It probably contains some variables that define the product name, description,price, etc.. It may also contain some functions to manipulate the object variables, store or retrieve the values of the product from a database, display the product details, etc..

In PHP objects are defined using classes. A class contains all the definitions of functions and variables that describe an object.

Here is a sample of simple product class:

 class Product
 {
   var $name;
   var $description;
   var $price;

   function RetrieveFromDatabase($id)
   {
     /* ... */
   }

   function Display()
   {
     echo 'Name: ', HtmlSpecialChars($this->name),
       '<br>',
       'Description: ', HtmlSpecialChars($this->description),
       '<br>',
       'Price: ', $this->price;
   }
 };

You can create an object using the new operator. A PHP script can create multiple objects of the same class. You can have two distince products for sale in your e-commerce site defined by the same class.

For instance, if you have for sale the book A and the book B, you can use the same class to manipulate its name, description, price, etc.. Here follows an example of how to create PHP objects:

 $book_a = new Product();
 $book_a->name = 'Book A';
 $book_a->description = 'Some description of book A';
 $book_a->price = 9.95;
 $book_a->Display();

 $book_b = new Product();
 $book_b->RetrieveFromDatabase('id-of-book-b');
 $book_b->Display();

Classes allow you to manipulate information internally without having to use global variables to share information between different class functions.

For instance if you want to retrieve and display database query results, you can have a class with a function to execute the query and another function to display it. They use the class variables $results to store and retrieve the query results handle.

 class Query
 {
   var $results;

   function Execute($query)
   {
     $this->results = mysql_query($query);
     return $this->results !== false;
   }

   function Display()
   {
     while(($row = mysql_fetch_row($this->results)))
       print_r($row);
   }
 };

 $query = new Query;
 if($query->Execute(
   'SELECT name, description, price FROM product'
 ))
   $query->Display();

As you may see, you do not need to use any global functions nor any global variables to share information between the class functions. All the behavior of the products is encapsulated inside the Query class.

Object Oriented Programming provides other important features such as inheritance, which allows creating new classes that are extensions of existing classes. The extension classes may have more functions and variables. They may also redefine functions and variables already defined in the base class.

However, for the purpose of explaining the importance of developing your projects using classes this is enough.

Why it is better to develop your PHP projects using OOP classes?

The main reason why it is better to organize your project code in classes is to avoid collision of names of functions or variables used by different components.

As you may see in the example above, the Product and Query classes have a function named Display.

If you used in the same PHP script components to implement the same functionality but based on global functions and variables, you would have a problem with the fact that different components have functions with the same name, in this case the Display function. Redefining a function with the same name makes PHP exit with a fatal error.

Of course you could avoid that problem adding prefixes to all global functions and variables that you define but obviously that is a drag because you would have to assure those prefixes are unique among all the distinct components you may want to use.

When you want to use components written by other people it may not even be viable because you would be using code that you would not control.

That is also the main reason why the PHP Classes site requires that the components submitted to the site provide the described functionality encapsulated in classes.

The goal of the PHP Classes site is to promote sharing and reuse of work developed eventually by different developers. If you want to combine classes from different developers, the classes can perfectly have functions and variables with the same names, as there will be no name collision.

It may however happen in rare cases, that two classes of different authors have the same name. If the classes have the same name, they are probably for the same purpose, so it is less likely that you may want to use both classes in the same script.

But to avoid the problems caused by that rare possibility, PHP 5.3 introduced a new feature to avoid the collision of class names. That feature is called namespaces. You will hardly ever need this to avoid class name collision, but it is possible that you use two different frameworks that have classes with the same names. That is a case where namespaces may help solving that problem.

In sum, classes allow you to organize better the code you use in your applications by making you put the code that manages related data in the same container, avoiding name collision problems and even promoting reuse of your code eventually of multiple developers in a single project.

When OOP Classes are not really necessary?

For instance if you have developed some code that is not meant to be used more than once and there is no chance that the names of any global functions and variables for different purposes collide, using classes is not necessary.

But you never know about the future. In the future your scripts may become more complex and you need to combine components of different sources for different purposes, so it is always better to start using classes from the beginning.

How do I migrate my global code to use OOP classes?

Migrating global code to OOP classes is simple. Just declare a class and shove your related global functions and variables inside the declaration.

Then you need to change any accesses to variables and functions using the $this-> operator. $this means the current object when you are inside a class function. For instance if you have a global variable named $variable_name and a function named function_name, just change the references to them to $this->variable_name and $this->function_name().

Example global code:

 function function_name()
 {
   global $variable name;

   echo $variable_name;
 }

 function_name();

To use the class for the application code you need to create a new object using the new operator. Then you can access the functions from the outside of the class using $object->function_name() and variables using $object->variable_name .

Migrated class based code:

 class class_name
 {
   var $variable name;

   function function_name()
   {
     echo $this->variable_name;
   }
 };

 $object = new class_name;
 $object->function_name();

There are also other interesting OOP features like constructor and destructor functions, access protection modifiers, static functions and variables, etc.. but I do not want to go there. This is enough to get you started and migrate your global code to OOP PHP classes.

Conclusion

This article was meant mainly for developers that either were not aware of the basic Object Oriented Programming concepts or were aware of those concepts but were not quite sure why OOP is a good thing to be applied in every day PHP programming.

These developers are abundant in the PHP market because PHP attracted many developers that did not have a serious programming background. The point of the article was not to put them down but rather to try to educate them using simple and hopefully easy to understand analogies.I hope that goal was achieved.

As I said above, nobody knows everything, so it is never too late to learn, even when we are talking about basic concepts like those presented in this article, which more mature developers know very well.

Please forward this article page URL to other fellow developers that you feel could benefit from the knowledge shared in the article.

Other than that, please post a comment if you have questions or disagree of anything about the presented concepts.

taken from : http://www.phpclasses.org/blog/post/178-Why-is-it-better-to-develop-in-PHP-with-classes-OOP.html

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Dulu awal-awal 2009 waktu kerja di IT kompas.com, saya sering di datangi oleh pengelola kolom koki, panggilannya mbak retno atau nama bekennya zeverina william atau panggil saja ze, akhirnya saya kenalan, kesan pertama orangnya modis rambutnya agak merah semiran, suka pake kaos, sepatu ket, dan omongannya suka vulgar, aksen bhs jawanya juga keliatan maklum saya juga orang jawa. ceritanya di kompas.com dulu ada kanal kolom kita sebagai citizen journalism community. Nah dia sering request ke IT biasa minta ini itu, akhirnya saya yang kebagian mengerjakan, bahkan terkadang sampe larut malam, maklum kadang dia request nya jam 6 sore, dan minta hari itu juga kelar. cerita-cerita dia ternyata pernah di malang ( kelahiran malang kalo dak salah ), maklum saya juga pernah hidup lama di malang akhirnya mungkin agak nyambung.

Waktu terus berjalan, ternyata kayaknya dia ada perbedaan idealisme dengan manajemen kompas.com ditengah kanal koki kompas yang naik daun, yang seingat saya dia pernah bilang “biarkan mereka orang-orang yang tidak suka kebebasan jurnalisme”. Sampai dia mau resign dia masih sering request di samping tempat duduk saya, bahkan ketika ngajuin surat resign. dia disamping saya di datangi seorang direksi kompas.com dan si direksi bilang “ini kamu resign kok menulis surat permohonan resign kayak surat cinta  saja” ( gue kalo mengingat itu pasti ketawa hahaha ) .

Akhirnya dia jadi resign juga, kemudian dia mendirikan koki versi community, programmernya juga member koki juga. bahkan mbak retno chatting ke saya untuk membantu mengelola dan bahkan meminta source code nya, ya tentu saja ama manajemen tidak diperbolehkan.

Tidak lama kemudian koki dibeli oleh detik, dan dia sempat chatting sama saya lagi, fan mau bantuin saya nggak? bantuin coding koki, atau kamu pindah ke detik aja bantuin ngurusin koki, bahkan dia sempat kamu minta gaji berapa, terus kamu di kompas.com digaji berapa. sempat goyah juga karena itu masih status kontrak alias belom permanen di kompas.

Ternyata di pertengahan tahun 2010 ada kabar dia meninggal, kaget juga padal dia keliatan muda, chattingan baru kemaren saja, kok udah meninggal, ini sama ceritanya dengan dulu,  saya  punya  temen netadmin di fak ilmu budaya UGM nama ID nya zarathustz ( kenal karena temennya heppy dan hardani ), biasanya sering chatting share ilmu, kemudian 1bulan – 2bulan dak aktif, ternyata meninggal kena kanker paru-paru.

saya cek berita-berita di inet, ternyata memang benar dia telah tiada http://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2010/07/07/19322957/Mantan.Wartawan.Kompas.com.Retno.Wafat . ngecek di web koki juga banyak ucapan belasungkawa.

Selamat jalan zev semoga bahagia di surga. bahkan udah ada bulunya neh, gue rencana mau beli neh.

Ini ID ym nya orang meninggal masih ada, kali aja mau chatting hehehe.

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kumpulan query-query di mssql server dalam rangka membangun Retail Banking Direktorat Portal, cuman mengingat saja kali aja ntar lupa :d :

select convert(varchar(11),date_curr) as tglhigh,tglymd from fund_highlt where flag in (3,9) order by date_curr desc

select * from fund_highlt where flag in (3,9) and tglymd=’20111220′

select TOP 1 tglymd from fund_highlt order by hid desc

declare @maxhid int set @maxhid = (select max(hid) from fund_highlt) select totdpk,volGiro,volTab,volCASA,vol_depo,vol_flex,volTD,tglymd,flag from fund_highlt
where (hid>@maxhid-5 and hid<=@maxhid) or flag=1 order by tglymd

/*dpk nas */
declare @maxdate int, @lastEOM int
set @maxdate = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk)
set @lastEOM = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk where flag=3)
SELECT TOP 6 ‘nas’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) FROM fund_viewdpk where datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-5) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM
group by datcur_ymd order by datcur_ymd

/*cab*/
declare @maxdate int, @lastEOM int
set @maxdate = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk)
set @lastEOM = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk where flag=3)
SELECT TOP 6 ‘cab’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as totbal FROM fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc
where kode=1 and (datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-5) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM) group by datcur_ymd order by datcur_ymd

select top 1 reportdt from fu_reportdt order by reportdt desc

/*performance komposisi dpk nas */
select datcur_ymd,sum(noaSA) as noaSA,sum(volSA) as volSA,sum(noaCA) as noaCA,sum(volCA) as volCA,sum(noaflek) as noaflek,sum(volflek) as volflek,sum(noatd) as noatd,sum(tottd) as tottd,sum(totnoa) as totnoa,sum(totbal) as totbal
from fund_viewdpk where date_curr=’20120128′ group by datcur_ymd

select *
from fund_viewdpk where date_curr=’20120117′ group by datcur_ymd

/**/
select sum(totbal),sum(totnoa),datcur_ymd from fund_viewdpk where date_curr =’20111225′ or date_curr =’20111226′ group by datcur_ymd

select sum(totbal) totbal,sum(totnoa) totnoa,sum(tottd) tottd,sum(totcasa) totcasa,datcur_ymd,branch from fund_viewdpk
where branch=’10002′ and (date_curr =’20111227′ or date_curr =’20111226′) group by datcur_ymd,branch

/* cabang */
select totbal,totnoa,balprev,noaprev,tottd,tottdprev,totcasa,totcasaprev from
(select kode,sum(totbal) as totbal,sum(totnoa) as totnoa,sum(tottd) tottd,sum(totcasa) totcasa from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where kode=1 and date_curr=’20111227′ group by kode) data_curr inner join
(select kode,sum(totbal) as balprev,sum(totnoa) as noaprev,sum(tottd) tottdprev,sum(totcasa) totcasaprev from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where kode=1 and date_curr=’20111226′ group by kode) data_prev on data_curr.kode=data_prev.kode

/* TD NAS */
SELECT prdgroup,COUNT(acctno) as noa, SUM(cbal_konversi) as vol FROM db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd WHERE
db_fundingmast.prdcod=fund_masterprd.procd and prdtyp=’TD’ group by prdgroup order by prdgroup desc

/*CASA */
select prdkey,count(acctno) as totnoa, sum(cbal_konversi) as totbal from db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd
where db_fundingmast.prdcod = fund_masterprd.procd and status <> 2 and prdtyp=’CASA’ group by prdkey order by prdkey

select prdgroup,count(acctno) as tnoa, sum(cbal_konversi) as tvol from db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd
where db_fundingmast.prdcod = fund_masterprd.procd and status <> 2 and prdtyp=’CASA’ group by prdgroup

select count(acctno) as tnoa, sum(cbal_konversi) as tvol from db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd
where db_fundingmast.prdcod = fund_masterprd.procd and status <> 2 and prdtyp=’CASA’

/*casa with date nas */
declare @maxdate numeric (10,0)
set @maxdate = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk)
select a.prdgroup,totnoa,totvol,totnoa1,totvol1,totnoa1-totnoa as growthnoa,totvol1-totvol as growthvol,totnoanas,totvolnas
from (select prdgroup,sum(arcnoa) as totnoa,sum(arcvol) as totvol
from fund_proarch where prdkey=’SA’ and datcurr=’20120118′ GROUP BY prdgroup) a
LEFT JOIN (select prdgroup,sum(arcnoa) as totnoa1,sum(arcvol) as totvol1
from fund_proarch where prdkey=’SA’ and datcurr=’20120119′ GROUP BY prdgroup) b
on a.prdgroup=b.prdgroup
LEFT JOIN (select prdgroup,sum(arcnoa) as totnoanas,sum(arcvol) as totvolnas
from fund_proarch where prdkey=’SA’ and datcurr=@maxdate GROUP BY prdgroup) c
on a.prdgroup=c.prdgroup

/* fresh aro kode=1=>cabang kode=2=>gallery*/
select brc,jdname,freshacct,freshvol,aroacct,arovol from
((select brc,rtrim(brname) as jdname from fundbran where brc not in (10001,40001)) branch
left outer join freshTD on branch.brc=freshTD.jdbr)
left outer join aroTD on branch.brc=aroTD.jdbr order by branch.brc

/*prform cabang */
select top 10 branch,rtrim(brname) as brname,totbal from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where date_curr=’20111230′ and kode=1 order by totbal desc,branch

/* daily growth */
select top 5 a.branch,a.brname,a.dpk_curr,b.dpk_prev,dpk_curr – dpk_prev as growth from
(select branch,brname,totbal as dpk_curr,date_curr from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on
fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc where date_curr=’20120101′ and kode=1)a left outer join
(select branch,totbal as dpk_prev,date_curr from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on
fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc where date_curr=’20111230′ and kode=1)b on a.branch=b.branch order by growth desc

/* highest noa */
select top 5 branch,rtrim(brname) as brname,noacasa,noatd,totnoa from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where date_curr=’20111230′ and kode=1 order by totnoa desc,branch

/* highest noa daily */
select top 5 a.branch,a.brname,a.noacasa – b.noacasa as GrNoaCasa, a.noatd – b.noatd as GrNoatd, noa_curr – noa_prev as growth_noa from
(select branch,brname,noacasa,noatd,totnoa as noa_curr,date_curr from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on
fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc where date_curr=’20120101′ and kode=1)a left outer join
(select branch,noacasa,noatd,totnoa as noa_prev,date_curr from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on
fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc where date_curr=’20111229′ and kode=1)b on a.branch=b.branch order by growth_noa desc

select kursTngh from fundkurs where currency=’USD’ and periode=(select max(periode) from fundkurs)

select brc,brname,brins,totcasa,tottd,totbal,kurs_tngh,fund_viewdpk.datcur_ymd
from fundbran left outer join fund_viewdpk on fundbran.brc=fund_viewdpk.branch where fund_viewdpk.datcur_ymd=’20120102′ and kode=’1′ order by totbal desc

select sum(tottd) as tottd,sum(totcasa) as totcasa,sum(totbal) as totbal from fund_viewdpk,fundbran
where fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc and datcur_ymd=’20120102′ and kode=’1′

declare @maxdate numeric (10,0)
set @maxdate = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk)
select sum(totbal) from fund_viewdpk,fundbran where fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc and kode=1 and datcur_ymd=@maxdate

SELECT prdtyp,date_curr,COUNT(acctno) as noa, SUM(cbal_konversi) as vol FROM db_fundingmast,fundbran,fund_masterprd
WHERE db_fundingmast.jdbr=fundbran.brc and db_fundingmast.prdcod=fund_masterprd.procd and kode=1 GROUP BY date_curr, prdtyp

/*cab gal komposisi casa td */
select datcur_ymd,sum(totcasa) as tcasa,sum(tottd) as ttd,sum(totbal) as totbal from fund_viewdpk,fundbran
where fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc and kode=1 and date_curr=’20111231′ group by datcur_ymd

select prdgroup,count(acctno) as tnoa, sum(cbal_konversi) as tvol from db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd,fundbran
where db_fundingmast.prdcod = fund_masterprd.procd and db_fundingmast.jdbr=fundbran.brc and db_fundingmast.status <> 2 and fund_masterprd.prdtyp=’CASA’ and kode=1
group by fund_masterprd.prdgroup

select prdgroup,count(acctno) as tnoa, sum(cbal_konversi) as tvol from db_fundingmast,fund_masterprd,fundbran
where db_fundingmast.prdcod = fund_masterprd.procd and db_fundingmast.jdbr=fundbran.brc and db_fundingmast.status <> 2
and fund_masterprd.prdtyp=’CASA’ and kode=’1′ group by fund_masterprd.prdgroup

SELECT COUNT(acctno) as noa, SUM(cbal_konversi) as vol FROM db_fundingmast, fund_masterprd, fundbran WHERE
db_fundingmast.prdcod=fund_masterprd.procd and db_fundingmast.jdbr=fundbran.brc and prdtyp=’TD’ and kode=’1′

select * from db_fundingmast

SELECT prdtyp,date_curr,COUNT(acctno) as noa, SUM(cbal_konversi) as vol FROM db_fundingmast,fundbran,fund_masterprd
WHERE db_fundingmast.jdbr=fundbran.brc and db_fundingmast.prdcod=fund_masterprd.procd and kode=’1′ GROUP BY date_curr, prdtyp

select datcur_ymd,sum(totcasa) as tcasa,sum(tottd) as ttd,sum(totbal) as totbal from fund_viewdpk,fundbran
where fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc and kode=’1′ group by datcur_ymd

/*gallery */
select totbal,totnoa,balprev,noaprev,tottd,tottdprev,totcasa,totcasaprev from
(select kode,sum(totbal) as totbal,sum(totnoa) as totnoa,sum(tottd) tottd,sum(totcasa) totcasa from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where kode=2 and date_curr=’20120104′ group by kode) data_curr inner join
(select kode,sum(totbal) as balprev,sum(totnoa) as noaprev,sum(tottd) tottdprev,sum(totcasa) totcasaprev from fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch = fundbran.brc
where kode=2 and date_curr=’20120103′ group by kode) data_prev on data_curr.kode=data_prev.kode

/* jatuh tempo td */
select fundbran.brc,lower(brname) as brname,tipeklas,rtrim(brmgr) as bm,openDate,totbal,datcur_ymd,tgtVolumJt from (fundbran inner join fund_viewdpk on fundbran.brc=fund_viewdpk.branch),fund_tgt2011
where fundbran.brc=’50001′ and fundbran.brc = fund_tgt2011.branch and datcur_ymd=’20120110′ and fund_tgt2011.periode=’2011-05′

SELECT * FROM jthTmp_today where brc=’50001′

SELECT dtcmast.brc,rtrim(brname) as brname,acctno,rtrim(cusname) as cusnm,cbal,cbal_konv,grtrat,datopn,matdt6,matdat,term,termcod,prdcod,rtrim(curtyp) as curtyp
FROM dtcmast,fundbran where dtcmast.brc=fundbran.brc and dtcmast.status <> 2 and
(matdat>=’2012011′ and matdat<’2012018′) and dtcmast.brc=’50001′ order by matdat,cbal DESC

/*hl fund */
declare @maxhid int, @lastEOM int
set @maxhid = (select max(hid) from fund_highlt)
set @lastEOM = (select max(hid) from fund_highlt where flag=3)
select totdpk,volGiro,volTab,volCASA,vol_depo,vol_flex,volTD,tglymd,flag from fund_highlt where (hid>@maxhid-4 and hid<=@maxhid) or hid=@lastEOM or flag=9 order by tglymd

/* store procedure dpk_chan6tgl */
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[dpk_chan6tgl] AS
declare @maxdate int, @lastEOM int
set @maxdate = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk)
set @lastEOM = (select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk where flag=3)
select qnas.datcur_ymd,qnas.dpknas,qps.dpkps,qcab.dpkcab,qgall.dpkgal,qm2s.dpkm2s from
((((SELECT TOP 6 ‘nas’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as dpknas FROM fund_viewdpk
where datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-4) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM
group by datcur_ymd) qnas inner join
(SELECT TOP 6 ‘psec’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as dpkps FROM fund_viewdpk
where branch=10002 and (datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-4) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM)
group by datcur_ymd) qps on qnas.datcur_ymd=qps.datcur_ymd) inner join
(SELECT TOP 6 ‘cab’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as dpkcab FROM fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc
where kode=1 and (datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-4) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM)
group by datcur_ymd) qcab on qnas.datcur_ymd=qcab.datcur_ymd) inner join
(SELECT TOP 6 ‘gall’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as dpkgal FROM fund_viewdpk inner join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc
where kode=2 and (datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-4) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM)
group by datcur_ymd) qgall on qnas.datcur_ymd=qgall.datcur_ymd) inner join
(SELECT TOP 6 ‘m2s’ as channel,datcur_ymd,sum(totbal) as dpkm2s FROM fund_viewdpk left outer join fundbran on fund_viewdpk.branch=fundbran.brc
where kode is null and (datcur_ymd>=(@maxdate-4) or datcur_ymd=@lastEOM)
group by datcur_ymd) qm2s on qnas.datcur_ymd=qm2s.datcur_ymd
order by qnas.datcur_ymd

select max(datcur_ymd) from fund_viewdpk

select * from fund_viewdpk where datcur_ymd=’20120119′

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All I see, it’s not for me.
What I want you have not got.
Tried to use the things you sold me no matter what the cost.
Tried to go the way you told me, but each time I got lost.
The stairs didn’t lead me anywhere.

I’m taking the fire escape up to the roof.
Don’t care if it’s not the way you find the truth.
Time to make this climb, to rise

Above this room, and all of you.
Who say I should do like you would.

Tried to live the life you sold me no matter what the cost.
Tried to walk the way you told me, but each time I got lost.
The stairs didn’t lead me anywhere.

I’m taking the fire escape up to the roof.
Don’t care if it’s not the way you find the truth.
And when I get up that high, I don’t know what I’ll find,
But I’d rather look at the sky than wonder why I let you take my time.

Time to make this climb, to rise above.

*Break*

I’m taking the fire escape up to the roof.
Don’t care if it’s not the way you find the truth.
And when I get up that high, I don’t know what I’ll find,
But I’d rather look at the sky than wonder why I let you take my time.

Time to make this climb, to rise above.
Time to make this climb, to rise above.

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Kebetulan ceramah hari ini diisi oleh  Prof Dr Achmad Satori Ismail guru besar UIN Syarif Hidayatullah dan Ketua Umum Ikatan Dai Indonesia (Ikadi). Ceramahnya bagus, intinya bahwa hidup didunia itu hanya titipan, kita udah ada yang ngatur rejeki,jatah mati dan hidupnya. Anjurannya adalah lebih banyak ibadah untuk dunia dan akhirat.

Nah yang menarik adalah disesi tanya jawab, ada 2 penanya.
yang pertama bertanya bagaimana hukumnya kerja di bank, karena kebetulan si penanya bekerja di bank mega. kemudian pak professor menjawab ( menurut saya jawabannya sangat bagus ) . Secara umum bank dibagi menjadi 2 bank syariah dan bank konvensional. bank syariah diawasi menurut syariah islam. bank konvensional memperoleh pendapatan ada yang berupa bunga/riba yang haram dan ada yang halal. yang halal contohnya biaya administrasi, jual real, dll. Mudah2an saudara memperoleh gaji dari uang halal. Masalah ini adalah subhat, ada ulama yang mengatakan bahwa kerja di bank tidak selamanya haram, maka perbanyaklah ibadah dan sedekah saja. intinya itu sih.

Dalam benak pikiran saya banyak halal atau haramnya yah? apalagi setelah kemabali keatas baca artikel di http://www.voa-islam.com/islamia/konsultasi-agama/2010/07/07/7869/hukum-bekerja-di-bank-syariah-cabang-konvensional/

penanya yang kedua bagaimana mendidik anak di masa depan sesuai ajaran islam?
yang bagus adalah mendidik anak dengan menanamkan aqidah dan keimanan yang kuat sejak lahir. hal ini di tegaskan dalam surah al jumuah ayat 2.

kalo di inet ada refrensi di sini http://naviraa.blogspot.com/2011/04/kandungan-qs-al-jumuah-ayat-2-tentang.html

nabi ibrahim dalam mendidik anak nya pun mempunyai visi ke depan yang melahirkan keturunan para nabi, dan makah yg ada sekarang adalah peninggalan ibrahim. kita juga tidak akan menyangka bahwa 20 tahun yang akan datang maksiat ada di rumah sekrang. Sekarang aja sudah banyak maksiat yang masuk kerumah melalui handphone, ipad dan leptop2.

Dan acara ditutup dengan doa bersama.

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You would do something like this to prevent hotlinking of images -

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^http://(www\.)?mydomain.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteRule \.(gif¦jpg¦js¦css)$ – [F]

replace mydomain.com with your domain name and only your domain will be allowed to access files appeneded by .gif .jpg .js or .css

you can add other allowed domaine with extra lines e.g. -

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^$
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^http://(www\.)?mydomain.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^http://(www\.)?domain1.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^http://(www\.)?domain2.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER}!^http://(www\.)?domain3.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteRule \.(gif¦jpg¦js¦css)$ – [F]

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Ada beberapa jenis makanan yang efektif meningkatkan kolesterol baik (high-density lipoproteins/HDL). HDL berfungsi membuang kelebihan kolesterol dari sel dan dinding arteri serta membawa kolesterol kembali ke hati untuk dibuang. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan kesadaran sejak dini untuk mulai memilih-milih makanan yang sehat dikonsumsi.

Kurangi Lemak jenuh
Salah satu pemicu peningkatan kolesterol adalah jumlah dan jenis lemak jenuh. Makanan yang berasal dari hewan, seperti susu, keju, daging, margarin, atau keju, biasanya mengandung lemak jenuh. Tapi ada juga bahan makanan dari tumbuhan yang mengandung lemak jenuh, misalnya minyak kelapa atau minyak sawit.

Kedelai
Food and Drug Administration AS merekomendasikan konsumsi protein kedelai minimal 25 gram setiap hari untuk mengurangi kolesterol. Ada banyak pilihan makanan berbasis kedelai yang tersedia di sekitar kita, mulai dari tahu, tempe, hingga susu kedelai.

Perbanyak serat
Penelitian menunjukkan, konsumsi kacang-kacangan setiap hari selama enam minggu bisa mengurangi kolesterol hingga 10 persen.

Serat yang mudah larut di air menghambat penyerapan kolesterol di usus sehingga membantu menurunkan jumlah kolesterol dalam darah. Serat yang mudah larut bisa kita temukan pada gandum, beras merah, kacang, apel, wortel, dan sebagian besar sayur dan buah-buahan.

Konsumsi ikan
Penelitian menunjukkan asam lemak omega-3 yang ditemukan pada ikan, terutama ikan laut seperti salmon bisa membantu menurunkan lemak jahat dan meningkatkan kadar lemak baik, serta menurunkan trigliserida. The American Heart Association merekomendasikan untuk mengonsumsi minimal dua porsi ikan dalam seminggu.

Alpukat
Buah alpukat merupakan sumber terbaik untuk lemak tak jenuh yang bisa membantu meningkatkan kadar kolesterol baik sekaligus menurunkan kolesterol jahat. Alpukat juga mengandung beta sitosterol yang bisa mengurangi penyerapan kolesterol dari makanan. Meski begitu, alpukat mengandung kalori tinggi, yakni 300 kalori dan 30 gram lemak. Karena itu konsumsi buah ini sebagai pengganti makanan tinggi lemak lainnya.

Bawang putih
Selama ratusan tahun bawang putih telah digunakan oleh berbagai budaya di dunia. Suku Mesir memasukkan bawang putih dalam diet mereka untuk menambah stamina.

Dalam dunia modern, para peneliti berhasil mengetahui manfaat bawang putih untuk menurunkan kolesterol, mencegah sumbatan pembuluh darah, mengurangi tekanan darah, dan membantu tubuh melawan infeksi. Penelitian terkini menyebutkan bumbu ini mencegah terjadinya plak di arteri pada stadium dini, atau disebut juga nano plak.

Bayam
Sayuran ini kaya akan lutein, pigmen berwarna kuning yang juga ditemukan pada sayuran berdaun hijau dan kuning telur. Reputasi lutein dalam menjaga penglihatan sudah terkenal. Penelitian terkini menunjukkan makanan yang kaya lutein juga melindungi kita dari serangan jantung dengan cara membentuk lapisan pelindung dinding arteri dari serangan kolesterol.

Teh
Teh, baik diminum dalam kondisi dingin atau panas, memiliki kandungan antioksidan, Flavonoids. Studi membuktikan teh juga menjaga pembuluh darah tetap rileks dan mencegah sumbatan. Flavonoids dalam teh juga menujukkan bisa mencegah oksidasi kolesterol jahat yang menyebabkan terbentuknya plak di dinding arteri. Antioksidan yang sangat kuat ini mungkin juga menurunkan kolesterol dan tekanan darah.

Cara mengolah
Yang tak kalah penting dalam menjaga kadar kolesterol tetap normal adalah pengolahan makanan. Meski makanan yang dipilih sudah berkolesterol rendah, kalau dimasak dengan minyak yang mengandung minyak jenuh, tetap saja makanan itu mengandung kolesterol tinggi.

Proses pengolahan makanan yang disarankan adalah dengan cara dikukus, bakar, atau rebus. Bila sudah terbiasa makanan yang digoreng, kurangi porsinya atau pilih cara masak dengan menumis yang memakai minyak dalam jumlah sedikit.

Sumber : http://kesehatan.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/08/19/08403092/makanan.penurun.kolesterol

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As Bill Gates once warned, computers have indeed become our silicon masters, pervading nearly every aspect of our modern lives. As a result, some of the greatest minds of our time have pondered the significance of computers and software on the human condition. Following are 101 great quotes about computers, with an emphasis on programming, since after all this is a software development site.
Computers

1. “Computers are useless. They can only give you answers.”
(Pablo Picasso)

2. “Computers are like bikinis. They save people a lot of guesswork.”
(Sam Ewing)

3. “They have computers, and they may have other weapons of mass destruction.”
(Janet Reno)

4. “That’s what’s cool about working with computers. They don’t argue, they remember everything, and they don’t drink all your beer.”
(Paul Leary)

5. “If the automobile had followed the same development cycle as the computer, a Rolls-Royce would today cost $100, get a million miles per gallon, and explode once a year, killing everyone inside.”
(Robert X. Cringely)

Computer Intelligence

6. “Computers are getting smarter all the time. Scientists tell us that soon they will be able to talk to us. (And by ‘they’, I mean ‘computers’. I doubt scientists will ever be able to talk to us.)”
(Dave Barry)

7. “I’ve noticed lately that the paranoid fear of computers becoming intelligent and taking over the world has almost entirely disappeared from the common culture. Near as I can tell, this coincides with the release of MS-DOS.”
(Larry DeLuca)

8. “The question of whether computers can think is like the question of whether submarines can swim.”
(Edsger W. Dijkstra)

9. “It’s ridiculous to live 100 years and only be able to remember 30 million bytes. You know, less than a compact disc. The human condition is really becoming more obsolete every minute.”
(Marvin Minsky)

Trust

10. “The city’s central computer told you? R2D2, you know better than to trust a strange computer!”
(C3PO)

11. “Never trust a computer you can’t throw out a window.”
(Steve Wozniak)

Hardware

12. “Hardware: The parts of a computer system that can be kicked.”
(Jeff Pesis)

Software

13. “Most software today is very much like an Egyptian pyramid with millions of bricks piled on top of each other, with no structural integrity, but just done by brute force and thousands of slaves.”
(Alan Kay)

14. “I’ve finally learned what ‘upward compatible’ means. It means we get to keep all our old mistakes.”
(Dennie van Tassel)

Operating Systems

15. “There are two major products that come out of Berkeley: LSD and UNIX. We don’t believe this to be a coincidence.”
(Jeremy S. Anderson)

16. “19 Jan 2038 at 3:14:07 AM”
(End of the word according to Unix-2^32 seconds after January 1, 1970)

17. “Every operating system out there is about equal… We all suck.”
(Microsoft senior vice president Brian Valentine describing the state of the art in OS security, 2003)

18. “Microsoft has a new version out, Windows XP, which according to everybody is the ‘most reliable Windows ever.‘ To me, this is like saying that asparagus is ‘the most articulate vegetable ever.‘ ”
(Dave Barry)

Internet

19. “The Internet? Is that thing still around?”
(Homer Simpson)

20. “The Web is like a dominatrix. Everywhere I turn, I see little buttons ordering me to Submit.”
(Nytwind)

21. “Come to think of it, there are already a million monkeys on a million typewriters, and Usenet is nothing like Shakespeare.”
(Blair Houghton)

Software Industry

22. “The most amazing achievement of the computer software industry is its continuing cancellation of the steady and staggering gains made by the computer hardware industry.”
(Henry Petroski)

23. “True innovation often comes from the small startup who is lean enough to launch a market but lacks the heft to own it.”
(Timm Martin)

24. “It has been said that the great scientific disciplines are examples of giants standing on the shoulders of other giants. It has also been said that the software industry is an example of midgets standing on the toes of other midgets.”
(Alan Cooper)

25. “It is not about bits, bytes and protocols, but profits, losses and margins.”
(Lou Gerstner)

26. “We are Microsoft. Resistance Is Futile. You Will Be Assimilated.”
(Bumper sticker)

Software Demos

27. “No matter how slick the demo is in rehearsal, when you do it in front of a live audience, the probability of a flawless presentation is inversely proportional to the number of people watching, raised to the power of the amount of money involved.”
(Mark Gibbs)

Software Patents

28. “The bulk of all patents are crap. Spending time reading them is stupid. It’s up to the patent owner to do so, and to enforce them.”
(Linus Torvalds)

Complexity

29. “Controlling complexity is the essence of computer programming.”
(Brian Kernigan)

30. “Complexity kills. It sucks the life out of developers, it makes products difficult to plan, build and test, it introduces security challenges, and it causes end-user and administrator frustration.”
(Ray Ozzie)

31. “There are two ways of constructing a software design. One way is to make it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies. And the other way is to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies.”
(C.A.R. Hoare)

32. “The function of good software is to make the complex appear to be simple.”
(Grady Booch)

Ease of Use

33. “Just remember: you’re not a ‘dummy,’ no matter what those computer books claim. The real dummies are the people who-though technically expert-couldn’t design hardware and software that’s usable by normal consumers if their lives depended upon it.”
(Walter Mossberg)

34. “Software suppliers are trying to make their software packages more ‘user-friendly’… Their best approach so far has been to take all the old brochures and stamp the words ‘user-friendly’ on the cover.”
(Bill Gates)

35. “There’s an old story about the person who wished his computer were as easy to use as his telephone. That wish has come true, since I no longer know how to use my telephone.”
(Bjarne Stroustrup)

Users

36. “Any fool can use a computer. Many do.”
(Ted Nelson)

37. “There are only two industries that refer to their customers as ‘users’.”
(Edward Tufte)

Programmers

38. “Programmers are in a race with the Universe to create bigger and better idiot-proof programs, while the Universe is trying to create bigger and better idiots. So far the Universe is winning.”
(Rich Cook)

39. “Most of you are familiar with the virtues of a programmer. There are three, of course: laziness, impatience, and hubris.”
(Larry Wall)

40. “The trouble with programmers is that you can never tell what a programmer is doing until it’s too late.”
(Seymour Cray)

41. “That’s the thing about people who think they hate computers. What they really hate is lousy programmers.”
(Larry Niven)

42. “For a long time it puzzled me how something so expensive, so leading edge, could be so useless. And then it occurred to me that a computer is a stupid machine with the ability to do incredibly smart things, while computer programmers are smart people with the ability to do incredibly stupid things. They are, in short, a perfect match.”
(Bill Bryson)

43. “Computer science education cannot make anybody an expert programmer any more than studying brushes and pigment can make somebody an expert painter.”
(Eric Raymond)

44. “A programmer is a person who passes as an exacting expert on the basis of being able to turn out, after innumerable punching, an infinite series of incomprehensive answers calculated with micrometric precisions from vague assumptions based on debatable figures taken from inconclusive documents and carried out on instruments of problematical accuracy by persons of dubious reliability and questionable mentality for the avowed purpose of annoying and confounding a hopelessly defenseless department that was unfortunate enough to ask for the information in the first place.”
(IEEE Grid newsmagazine)

45. “A hacker on a roll may be able to produce-in a period of a few months-something that a small development group (say, 7-8 people) would have a hard time getting together over a year. IBM used to report that certain programmers might be as much as 100 times as productive as other workers, or more.”
(Peter Seebach)

46. “The best programmers are not marginally better than merely good ones. They are an order-of-magnitude better, measured by whatever standard: conceptual creativity, speed, ingenuity of design, or problem-solving ability.”
(Randall E. Stross)

47. “A great lathe operator commands several times the wage of an average lathe operator, but a great writer of software code is worth 10,000 times the price of an average software writer.”
(Bill Gates)
Programming

48. “Don’t worry if it doesn’t work right. If everything did, you’d be out of a job.”
(Mosher’s Law of Software Engineering)

49. “Measuring programming progress by lines of code is like measuring aircraft building progress by weight.”
(Bill Gates)

50. “Writing code has a place in the human hierarchy worth somewhere above grave robbing and beneath managing.”
(Gerald Weinberg)

51. “First learn computer science and all the theory. Next develop a programming style. Then forget all that and just hack.”
(George Carrette)

52. “First, solve the problem. Then, write the code.”
(John Johnson)

53. “Optimism is an occupational hazard of programming; feedback is the treatment.”
(Kent Beck)

54. “To iterate is human, to recurse divine.”
(L. Peter Deutsch)

55. “The best thing about a boolean is even if you are wrong, you are only off by a bit.”
(Anonymous)

56. “Should array indices start at 0 or 1? My compromise of 0.5 was rejected without, I thought, proper consideration.”
(Stan Kelly-Bootle)

Programming Languages

57. “There are only two kinds of programming languages: those people always bitch about and those nobody uses.”
(Bjarne Stroustrup)

58. “PHP is a minor evil perpetrated and created by incompetent amateurs, whereas Perl is a great and insidious evil perpetrated by skilled but perverted professionals.”
(Jon Ribbens)

59. “The use of COBOL cripples the mind; its teaching should therefore be regarded as a criminal offense.”
(E.W. Dijkstra)

60. “It is practically impossible to teach good programming style to students that have had prior exposure to BASIC. As potential programmers, they are mentally mutilated beyond hope of regeneration.”
(E. W. Dijkstra)

61. “I think Microsoft named .Net so it wouldn’t show up in a Unix directory listing.”
(Oktal)

62. “There is no programming language-no matter how structured-that will prevent programmers from making bad programs.”
(Larry Flon)

63. “Computer language design is just like a stroll in the park. Jurassic Park, that is.”
(Larry Wall)

C/C++

64. “Fifty years of programming language research, and we end up with C++?”
(Richard A. O’Keefe)

65. “Writing in C or C++ is like running a chain saw with all the safety guards removed.”
(Bob Gray)

66. “In C++ it’s harder to shoot yourself in the foot, but when you do, you blow off your whole leg.”
(Bjarne Stroustrup)

67. “C++ : Where friends have access to your private members.”
(Gavin Russell Baker)

68. “One of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire was that-lacking zero-they had no way to indicate successful termination of their C programs.”
(Robert Firth)

Java

69. “Java is, in many ways, C++-.”
(Michael Feldman)

70. “Saying that Java is nice because it works on all OSes is like saying that anal sex is nice because it works on all genders.”
(Alanna)

71. “Fine, Java MIGHT be a good example of what a programming language should be like. But Java applications are good examples of what applications SHOULDN’T be like.”
(pixadel)

72. “If Java had true garbage collection, most programs would delete themselves upon execution.”
(Robert Sewell)

Open Source

73. “Software is like sex: It’s better when it’s free.”
(Linus Torvalds)

74. “The only people who have anything to fear from free software are those whose products are worth even less.”
(David Emery)

Code

75. “Good code is its own best documentation.”
(Steve McConnell)

76. “Any code of your own that you haven’t looked at for six or more months might as well have been written by someone else.”
(Eagleson’s Law)

77. “The first 90% of the code accounts for the first 90% of the development time. The remaining 10% of the code accounts for the other 90% of the development time.”
(Tom Cargill)

Software Development

78. “Good programmers use their brains, but good guidelines save us having to think out every case.”
(Francis Glassborow)

79. “In software, we rarely have meaningful requirements. Even if we do, the only measure of success that matters is whether our solution solves the customer’s shifting idea of what their problem is.”
(Jeff Atwood)

80. “Considering the current sad state of our computer programs, software development is clearly still a black art, and cannot yet be called an engineering discipline.”
(Bill Clinton)

81. “You can’t have great software without a great team, and most software teams behave like dysfunctional families.”
(Jim McCarthy)

Debugging

82. “As soon as we started programming, we found to our surprise that it wasn’t as easy to get programs right as we had thought. Debugging had to be discovered. I can remember the exact instant when I realized that a large part of my life from then on was going to be spent in finding mistakes in my own programs.”
(Maurice Wilkes discovers debugging, 1949)

83. “Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place. Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are-by definition-not smart enough to debug it.”
(Brian Kernighan)

84. “If debugging is the process of removing bugs, then programming must be the process of putting them in.”
(Edsger W. Dijkstra)

Quality

85. “I don’t care if it works on your machine! We are not shipping your machine!”
(Vidiu Platon)

86. “Programming is like sex: one mistake and you’re providing support for a lifetime.”
(Michael Sinz)

87. “There are two ways to write error-free programs; only the third one works.”
(Alan J. Perlis)

88. “You can either have software quality or you can have pointer arithmetic, but you cannot have both at the same time.”
(Bertrand Meyer)

89. “If McDonalds were run like a software company, one out of every hundred Big Macs would give you food poisoning, and the response would be, ‘We’re sorry, here’s a coupon for two more.’ ”
(Mark Minasi)

90. “Always code as if the guy who ends up maintaining your code will be a violent psychopath who knows where you live.”
(Martin Golding)

91. “To err is human, but to really foul things up you need a computer.”
(Paul Ehrlich)

92. “A computer lets you make more mistakes faster than any invention in human history-with the possible exceptions of handguns and tequila.”
(Mitch Radcliffe)

Predictions

93. “Everything that can be invented has been invented.”
(Charles H. Duell, Commissioner, U.S. Office of Patents, 1899)

94. “I think there’s a world market for about 5 computers.”
(Thomas J. Watson, Chairman of the Board, IBM, circa 1948)

95. “It would appear that we have reached the limits of what it is possible to achieve with computer technology, although one should be careful with such statements, as they tend to sound pretty silly in 5 years.”
(John Von Neumann, circa 1949)

96. “But what is it good for?”
(Engineer at the Advanced Computing Systems Division of IBM, commenting on the microchip, 1968)

97. “There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home.”
(Ken Olson, President, Digital Equipment Corporation, 1977)

98. “640K ought to be enough for anybody.”
(Bill Gates, 1981)

99. “Windows NT addresses 2 Gigabytes of RAM, which is more than any application will ever need.”
(Microsoft, on the development of Windows NT, 1992)

100. “We will never become a truly paper-less society until the Palm Pilot folks come out with WipeMe 1.0.”
(Andy Pierson)

101. “If it keeps up, man will atrophy all his limbs but the push-button finger.”
(Frank Lloyd Wright)

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SEO Primer – 7 Basics of SEO
By George Peirson (c) 2009

We are going to look at 7 Basics of SEO below. These aren’t the
only things you want to know about SEO, but are the areas you
should learn first. Some topics will only take you a minute,
some will take a little longer, and others will become an
ongoing process. But after reading through this list you should
have a good handle on where to start and where to proceed next.

SEO Basic 1: Let’s start off with a definition. SEO stands for
“Search Engine Optimization” and is the process by which you
Optimize your web site so that it is positioned well in the
search engines. This is not the same thing as designing a site
so that it attracts customers and entices them to buy.

SEO is what you do specifically on your site to improve your
Search Engine Position. If you do a search on Google for any
search term you will be presented with a list of links. At the
top of the page and along the right side will be PPC links where
someone pays an amount per click to get positioned. With PPC the
more you pay the better your position. Most people only glance
at these listings. You don’t need SEO to get one of these
positions, just lots of money.

The body of the page contains “organic” listings. These links are
listed in the order that Google determined best fit your search,
with the best match first. There are only 10 listings per page,
most people will only look at the 1st page, maybe the 2nd. So
your site needs to be listed within the top 10 and at the worst
within the top 20 for any useful exposure. With SEO you will be
adjusting your site code so that your site will rank highly.
This can be a daunting process as there may be thousands of
sites competing for the same top listing. A trick is to aim your
pages at less popular search terms to get higher placement. It
is better to be on page one for a term that gets 1,000 searches
per month than to be on page three for a search term that gets
millions of visits.

SEO Basic 2: Your web site must be search engine friendly. The
search engines send out “spiders” or “bots” cataloging web pages
they come across. If the search engine has trouble getting
through to your pages it will either rank your page poorly, or
skip your site all together. Making your site Search Engine
Friendly means having the code easily accessible, no errors in
the code, and guiding the search engine through your site.

Try to steer away from complicated coding when possible. Check
your site for coding errors. This is fairly easy to do with web
programs like Dreamweaver which do this for you automatically.
Plan on having text based navigation on every page. This is
usually placed at the bottom of the pages. You may also want to
have a “Site Map” page with easy to follow text based links to
all of your important pages. Search Engines will look for a Site
Map and will use that to navigate a site if available.

SEO Basic 3: The Most Important SEO Aspect is Keywords. Keywords
are the terms you type into a search engine to find interesting
web sites. You need to know what search terms people are likely
to use to find your site, then use those terms as your Keywords.
Make a list of the keyword combinations you can think of that
you would use to find your site. Try them all on a search engine
and see the results.

You need to see how these search terms perform on the web and
what other search terms could be used. A great free tool to help
with this research is available at Google:

https://adwords.google.com/select/KeywordToolExternal

You type in a search term, then you are given a list of similar
search terms, how often they were searched and some advertiser
comparison figures. You can quickly find additional keywords and
to see how well they perform. A good idea is to optimize your
site for a less frequently used keyword combinations so that you
can achieve a higher placement. The Google Keyword Tool will
help you figure this out.

Focus on keyword groups with 3 or 4 keywords. Many times
keywords will overlap, so you can focus on a longer keyword
combination and cover many other combinations at the same time.
For instance, if you are designing a page to sell Photoshop
Training, you can optimize for this keyword phrase “Adobe
Photoshop Training Video”. This will not only give you optimized
performance for this keyword combination but also for these
other keywords and combinations as well:

Adobe
Photoshop
Training
Adobe Photoshop
Photoshop Training
Adobe Photoshop Training
Photoshop Training Video

So try to come up with a multiple keyword combination that will
contain several other keyword combinations as well.

Once you know what keywords you want to use you are ready to
place those keywords on your page. The main places you want to
use the keywords are:

In the meta title of the page
In the meta description of the page
In the first sentence on the page
In all of the image alt tags
In links to and from the page
Well represented in the body text of the page

Make sure you Pick the right keywords, and make sure they cover
more than 5% of the word usage on the page. An easy way to get
more keywords onto a page is by using lists such as:

We carry:
Adobe Photoshop Training Video Sets for Educators
Adobe Photoshop Training Video Sets for Students
Adobe Photoshop Training Video Sets for Business

Keep in mind that your page text should still be user friendly.
If you use your keywords too frequently or in strange ways on
your page, it may rank better in the search engines, but it will
drive away visitors. Who wants to read a poorly written page?

SEO Basic 4: Don’t try anything funny. There are lots of
“tricky” things you can do to cram more keywords into a page
without annoying your visitors. The problem is that the search
engines know about these tricks and will penalize your site if
you use them. So don’t do any of the following or you may find
your web site disappear completely from the search engine
listings.

White letters on white background, or any other similar text
coloring trick. Even using a very light gray text on a white
background, or very dark gray text on a black background can get
you bumped from the search engines.

Don’t repeat your keyword over and over again. People used to
do things like this at the top or bottom of their pages:
Photoshop Photoshop Photoshop. This worked in the early days of
search engine optimization, but no longer. You should also not
try this trick in alt tags, image names, links or other places
in your code. The search engines will spot this and you will be
penalized.

Don’t put keywords into comment tags. Also don’t put keywords
in hidden form fields. The search engines will spot these and
mark you down accordingly.

Even though putting keywords into image names and alt tags is a
great idea, don’t think that you can just create a bunch of
clear gif images sized at 1×1 and fill those with keywords. The
search engines are very good at spotting tricks like this as
well.

So use your keywords appropriately, don’t try to sneak one past
the search engines and you should do just fine. Just keep in
mind, if you think that you need to hide the keywords to trick
the search engine you can rest assured that they have already
thought of that and will do their best to devalue your site
accordingly if you use these “black hat” tricks.

SEO Basic 5: All pages should have links to other pages. The
main search engines like links. They like outside sites linking
into yours, but they also like links within your site going to
other pages. So in this case having more pages can be useful.
Also since you now have all these pages that you are linking to
it gives you a great place to use some more keywords. Make sure
that your links include your keywords.

But, and this could have been in section 4 above, don’t create
“doorway pages” that redirect you to another page. It used to be
common SEO practice to create lots of doorway pages, each one
stuffed with specific keywords, all of which would redirect the
visitor to the actual page they were looking for. This would
give your site lots of pages, with lots of internal links and
would allow you to tightly optimize these doorway pages for
specific keywords, but the search engines have gotten wise to
this trick and now penalize the use of redirect pages. So don’t
use redirects unless you absolutely need to and never use
doorway pages.

SEO Basic 6: Only optimize a page for one or two keyword groups.
More than that just dilutes your keyword ratio. The search
engines will analyze your web page to determine which words are
used as keywords. They do this by looking at the title, the
description, the page heading and the words used on the page.
They then determine how relevant your keywords are to your page.
So, if you try to use too many different keywords on a page, it
will only bring down the percentage of any individual keyword or
group for that page. It is better to optimize for a larger
keyword group as discussed above than to try to optimize a page
for a lot of individual keywords that can’t be easily used in
one sentence. If you need to have a page optimized for several
different, unrelated keywords you are better off creating
several different pages and re-writing the body text on each
page to match the keywords you are optimizing for. This will
make each page relevant for the specific keyword and will get a
better placement in the search engines.

SEO Basic 7: Be patient. Even with a perfectly optimized web
site it can take several months for it to rise in the search
engine standings. I usually recommend waiting at least 90 days
and up to 6 months to see how well a web page is doing in the
search engines. Also, even though you have gone to great lengths
to target a specific keyword or keyword combination keep in mind
that the search engines aren’t required to agree with you. So
when checking your standings look at several different search
terms that you discovered in your research and see how well your
page is placing. Hopefully you will find that your chosen
keywords are getting your page listed the way you want, showing
that your SEO has worked properly.

If you find that your page is ranking better for a different
keyword, you should examine your page code to see why and make
adjustments as needed. Maybe your page is placing higher for a
keyword combination you weren’t focusing on, but it is still a
good combination for your goals. This gives you an ideal
opportunity to go with that new combination to achieve even
higher placing.

So, get started right now on your SEO. The longer you wait, the
longer it will be before your web site is showing well up in the
search engines.

In Closing

There is a lot more to SEO than just these 7 quick points, but
this will get you started on the right path. Go through these
steps and your web pages will be well positioned for any other
SEO you may want to perform on your site in the future.
==========================================
George Peirson is a successful Entrepreneur and Internet Trainer.
He is the author of over 40 multimedia based tutorial training
titles and several design articles. To get his Free e-Book “Web
Design Tips” visit http://www.howtogurus.com
==========================================

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